• For the Caregiver,  Mental Health

    Increase Resilience with Mindful Self-Compassion Training

    Parents of children with autism face many choices when they want to give their kids extra help.  How lucky are we to have all these options! The downside is that the number of available choices becomes overwhelming.

    We try one thing, it doesn’t work. We try something else, still no luck. The third or fourth try might get results. Meanwhile, precious developmental milestones fly by. How frustrating!

    It’s easy to get discouraged and be hard on ourselves as we go through this process. Of course we want our kids to function well in this world. We can blame ourselves when it doesn’t happen the way we think it should:

    “Why did I let her eat cotton candy that led to a public meltdown?” “I’ve let him play video games and he’s done nothing else all day. What a slacker parent I am!” “Why didn’t I put him in that social skills program years ago??” On it goes.

    If all this negative self-talk becomes habitual, feelings of guilt and shame can also become a habit. These negative feelings put our brains and our nervous systems on high alert—a state of fight or flight; freeze or submit. Psychologists say that if we are in a state  of high alert often enough, we are more vulnerable to anxiety, depression, and general unhappiness. (Leaviss_Uttley_2018) 

    Practicing Self-Compassion Builds Emotional Resilience

    Practicing mindful self-compassion can halt this downward spiral! It can soothe our fight-flight-freeze or submit response. The simple techniques of mindful self-compassion prove to interrupt harsh self-criticism and help promote feelings of well-being. 

    Here is a Quick Self-Compassion Meditation for Caregivers

    This meditation was adapted from Kristin Neff’s “Meditation for Caregivers.”
    Fold your arms over your chest. Give yourself a gentle, inconspicuous hug. Or put your hands over your heart if that’s more comfortable.

    Say to yourself:
    1- “This is a point of suffering (or sadness, confusion, anger, etc.) at this moment.”
    2- “I did not cause my child’s suffering. I cannot completely solve my child’s problems. However, I will try to help the best I can.”
    3. “I am not alone. Many caregivers experience difficulties like mine.”
    4- “May I be gentle and kind with myself right now.”

    This exercise can take less than a minute! It’s part of the increasingly popular Mindful Self-Compassion Training program (MSCT) created by leading psychologists Kristin Neff and Chris Germer.

    Also, here is a quick all-purpose self-compassion meditation.

    Why Self-Compassion?

    Self-kindness and warmth can lead to self-encouragement and replace self-blame. It does not mean that we don’t take responsibility for our actions. Just the opposite. If we look at ourselves with a kind eye, we can become more objective.

    If you’re concerned that self-compassion is molly-coddling, or an excuse to stop challenging yourself, clinical evidence shows the opposite: Beating ourselves down with harsh self-criticism leads to shame and self-judgment. We are more likely to give up. When we understand our self-criticism as a self-protective measure against feelings of rejection, we can show kindness to the self-criticism. This kindness can allow us to persist rather than give up. (Neff, 2011) 

    What is Mindful Self-Compassion Training?

    Many therapies like Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) have exercises that promote self-compassion.

    Mindful self-compassion training is unique because it’s main focus is to teach us how to access feelings of kindness and direct it towards ourselves.

    MSC-T specifically “trains people to generate feelings of compassion and warmth when they feel threatened, angry, or disgusted with themselves or others.” (Gilbert and Procter).

    Mindful Self-Compassion Training is offered in 8-week courses

    Each class is about 1 1/2 hours. First, we learn basic mindfulness taught in MBSR (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction) which helps us bring caring awareness to difficult experiences. From there, we develop loving awareness of ourselves and our strengths and limitations through focused exercises.

    They offer user-friendly ways to increase our ability to face challenges with calm and self-care instead of self-blame and self-criticism.

    It offers simple meditations that can be used just about anywhere.

    To find out more about Mindful Self-Compassion Training, visit Kristin Neff’s and Chris Germer’s Center for Mindful Self Compassion at https://centerformsc.org and the Mindfulness-Based Professional Training Institute at https://cih.ucsd.edu/mbpti

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    Links and references:
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJ9wGfwE-YE

    Leaviss, J., & Uttley, L. (2015). Psychotherapeutic Benefits of Compassion-Focused Therapy: An Early Systematic Review. Psychological Medicine, 45(5), 927-945. DOI: 10.1017/S0033291714002141

    Lucre, K.M., & Corten, N. (2013). An Exploration of Group Compassion-Focused Therapy for Personality Disorder. Psychology & Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 86(4), 387–400. https://DOI-org.scroll.lib.westfield.ma.edu/10.1111/j.2044-8341.2012.02068.x

    Neff, K. (2015). Self-Compassion HarperCollins. Kindle Editio

     

  • Compassionate heart drawn in sand
    For the Caregiver,  Mental Health

    Disarm Self-Criticism with Self-Compassion

    Self-Criticism–who isn’t familiar? In small doses, it helps us self-correct as we navigate our complicated world. It can open our eyes to where we might have done harm. It can show us where we need to improve. Sometimes it gives us the self-awareness to grow and change.

    But when we criticize ourselves harshly for any mistake large and small, life gets unmanageable. It hacks away at our belief in ourselves. It pulls the rug out from under us as we try to take a risk. The voices of self-criticism can be so loud that they distract and undermine our focus. At this point, this self-talk is no longer self-correcting. In fact, psychologists find that it leads to self-doubt and feelings of shame.

    Say we’ve made an ordinary mistake. Here comes Self -Criticism knocking at the door! It pelts our backs and ratchets up the stress level in an already uncomfortable situation.

    Self-Compassion = the Breaks

    We need something equally powerful to put a pause on our rapid fight, flight, fear, or submit response. That’s where self-compassion comes in! Kristin Neff, leading psychologist and co-creator of the Mindful Self Compassion course defines self-compassion as having three main themes: 

    1- Self-kindness versus self-judgment
    2- A sense of common humanity versus isolation
    3- Mindfulness versus over-identification with painful self-judgement 

    Here is a Quick Self-Compassion Meditation 

    Fold your arms over your chest, giving yourself an inconspicuous hug.
    Say to yourself:
    1- “This is a point of suffering (or name feeling: sadness, confusion, anger, etc) at this moment.”
    2- “I’m not alone. Every person on the planet goes through pain even if theirs is different than mine.”
    3- “May I be gentle and kind with myself right now.”

    Compassion and Affiliation Regulates Our Response to Threat

    In a 2008 study, it was found that humans make threatening situations manageable through social connection. Social bonding sets off our mend-and-befriend response, and that produces oxytocin.

    In my own desire to avoid self-criticism, I’ve blinded myself to my shortcomings and opted to find them in others instead. As fun as that can be sometimes, my fun is usually short-lived. Back to the drawing board as I focus inward. I might see that I’ve fallen short in some areas. Maybe I’ve (gasp) made a mistake! Here come the rubber bullets of self-criticism, pelting my back, beaning me on the head. I run for cover, I explode, I implode.

    Studies find that self-criticism and shame trigger feelings of fear. Fear stimulates the amygdala, the brain’s alarm system. The amygdala sends signals to our instinctive survival response of fight, flight, freeze, or submit. Adrenaline and cortisol course through our veins. Suddenly we are in survival mode. The negative chatter goes on and on. We feel bad about ourselves, we feel angry at others. The bicycle of shame or blame is speeding down the hill, no breaks.

    All this Caring Cues Our System to Make Oxytocin

    Oxytocin is a potent, ancient hormone that produces feelings of contentment, well-being and safety. A 2020 study of oxytocin found that it’s linked to preventing inflammation, healing damaged tissue, inhibiting cancer growth, and protecting the gastrointestinal lining in both children and adults.

    Oxytocin Helps Manage Our Chronic Stress

    A 1998 study discovered that oxytocin prevents us from freezing with fear in the face of ongoing stressors.

    What if We Gave Ourselves the Same Caring and Kindness We’d Give a Close Friend?

    That warm, wonderful feeling of relief we get when talking to an understanding friend about our troubles?  We can provide that for ourselves with self-compassion.

    We could actually trigger inner feelings of soothing, reassurance, and contentment for ourselves. We can feel that same happy feeling of being cared for by others by caring for ourselves.

    Self-Compassion isn’t Self-Indulgent

    We might think self-compassion is too self-centered, that it could let us off the hook for mistakes too easily. But it isn’t. Research shows that when we are kind to ourselves when we fail, we are naturally more motivated to self-correct. When we feel soothed and encouraged, we have strength to try again. We may feel soothed and safe enough to new things and change. 

    When we feel safer, our defensiveness decreases. It becomes much easier to admit our mistakes.

    When we feel empathy for ourselves, we can access patience for ourselves and others.

    Mindful Self-Compassion Training

    With all of the proven benefits of self-compassion, Kristin Neff and Paul Gilbert created a Mindful Self Compassion Training course to teach self-compassion skills. It’s an eight-week course designed to help people who struggle with high shame and self-criticism. 

    Self-c0mpassion meditations and exercises are also available for free at www.self-compassion.org. Exercises like these can be used in daily life to provide immediate relief from self-criticism.

    They can access our innate caring and befriending abilities and help us turn them towards ourselves.  ❤️

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    References

    Carter, S.C., Kenkel, W.M., MacLean, E.L., Wilson, S.R., Perkeybile, A.M., Yee, J.R., Ferris, C.F., Nazarloo, H.P., Porges, S.W., Davis, J.M., Connelly, J.J., & Kingsbury, M.A. (2020). Is Oxytocin “Nature’s Medicine”? Pharmacological Review 72:829–861. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.120.019398

    Kirsch, P., Esslinger, C., Qiang C., Mier,D., Lis, S., Siddhanti, S., Gruppe, H., Mattay, V.S., Gallhofer,B. & Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (2005). Oxytocin Modulates Neural Circuitry for Social Cognition and Fear in Humans. The Journal of Neuroscience, 25(49):11489 –11493. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3984-05.2005

    Leaviss, J., & Uttley, L. (2015). Psychotherapeutic Benefits of Compassion-Focused Therapy: An Early Systematic Review. Psychological Medicine, 45(5), 927-945. DOI: 10.1017/S0033291714002141

    Lucre, K.M., & Corten, N. (2013). An Exploration of Group Compassion-Focused Therapy for Personality Disorder. Psychology & Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 86(4), 387–400. https://DOI-org.scroll.lib.westfield.ma.edu/10.1111/j.2044-8341.2012.02068.x

    Naismith, I., Santiago, Z.G., Feigenbaum, J. et al., (2019). Abuse, Invalidation, and Lack of Early Warmth Show Distinct Relationships with Self‐Criticism, Self‐Compassion, and Fear of Self‐Compassion in Personality Disorder. Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, 26:350–361. DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2357

    Neff, K. (2015). Self-Compassion HarperCollins. Kindle Edition.

    Thomason, S. & Moghaddam, N. (2021). Compassion-focused therapies for self-esteem: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice 94, 737–759. DOI: 10.1111/papt.12319

    Please visit www.self-compassion.org for exercises in self-compassion

  • For the Caregiver,  Health

    Caring for the Caregiver, Bringing the Beach Home

    Summer’s warm gentle hands are starting to fold as autumn creeps in around the edges. A few brown leaves crunch underfoot. Dandelions turn fluffy and smoke from a wood-burning stove (or is that a BBQ?) fills the air.

    The warmest season of the year is coming to an end, and so are treasured trips to the beach.

    After just one day there, I feel energized, happier, healthier. There are many reasons to love ocean beaches.  Here are just a few of them:

    It’s the water…

    Whether I only put my feet in or take a running flop, the cold numbing seawater also feels healing and fresh.

    It turns out that ocean water is much like some of the fluid that surrounds our cells, called interstitial fluid (source). Both are rich in sodium and chloride, which makes it non-irritating and soothing to our respiratory system. In this way, seawater helps relieve allergies.

    Sodium has antiseptic attributes, so wounds heal faster in the ocean! Chloride helps with nerve function. Also, the magnesium in the water reduces eczema and helps our skin hold onto moisture longer.

    It’s the air…

    Because water and air mix together so easily at the beach, we actually breathe in all those super-charged, nutrient-rich water-droplets. 

    There’s also a high concentration of negative ions found in beach air. Negative ions happen when air molecules break apart. Sunlight and waves naturally slice them. So do rainstorms and waterfalls!

    Studies say that airborne negative ions remove pollution including fine particles like soot that harm our health. They also remove certain bacteria, viruses, and mold. Breathing ocean air gives us a break from highly polluted areas.

    Also, having an abundance of negative ions around you has a positive effect on brain function and mood by regulating serotonin. Serotonin is a popular neurotransmitter responsible for feelings of well-being and happiness.  It also has been shown to decrease symptoms of depression and of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).

    It’s the light…

    The generous bath of sunlight the beach offers on a clear day naturally sparks the brain into making serotonin. While the sun helps you make this feel-good chemical, negative ions in the air help you regulate it!

    Also, the ultraviolet sun rays cause our bodies to produce vitamin D. Depending on skin color and location, it could take anywhere from 15 minutes to more than an hour in full sunlight to get your daily dose of vitamin D.

    Having enough Vitamin D is needed to fight viruses, bacterial infections, and maintain respiratory health. Evidence suggests there’s a link between vitamin D and cancer risk in mice. They found that increased levels of vitamin D slows or completely prevents cancer cell and tumor growth. It also helps the body kill off malignant cells (source)

    News to me: UV rays from the sun help regulate our white blood cells. It helps prevent our immune system from attacking itself in the form of lupus, multiple sclerosis, asthma, IBS, and type 1 diabetes. 
    Plus the sand…

    My senses love the crunch-crunch of it. It’s not everyone’s favorite, but that feeling of sand under my feet has a comforting way of reminding me of where I am in the moment. 

    BOOM–Instant Beach Resort in the midst of winter, the pandemic, and chilly Boston.*

    I’m 50 minutes away from a beautiful ocean beach on a straight run, without traffic, speeding. It takes extra effort, determination, and polar bear genes to make the trip in the freezing cold. So I pulled some things together for a possible home beach situation:

    *All of these items can currently be found on the web. A list of where to find them will be added shortly.

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    Additional References:
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2873555/

    https://www.wellness.com/blog/13295843/the-benefits-of-ocean-air/wellness-editor

    https://gracefullyagingtips.com/sunshine-good-for-health/

    https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/diet/vitamin-d-fact-sheet#what-is-the-evidence-that-vitamin-d-can-help-reduce-the-risk-of-cancer-in-people

    https://www.lifehacker.com.au/2015/02/why-sunshine-is-good-for-you-its-more-than-vitamin-d/

    https://study.com/academy/lesson/interstitial-fluid-definition-pressure-composition.html

    Photo Credits: Sergio Sousa for Unsplash, Marcus Spiske for Unsplash